Cats and dogs are at risk of several intestinal parasites that can cause mild to severe health problems. Puppies and kittens are particularly vulnerable to intestinal parasites, making parasite screening and deworming conducted by our Stanton Pet Hospital team necessary. To help keep your furry companion healthy, learn about intestinal parasite types, their signs, prevention strategies, and treatment options.

Types of intestinal parasites in pets

While other parasites, including heartworms, fleas, and ticks, are dangerous, internal or intestinal parasites are equally prevalent and problematic for pets. These parasites typically infect pets who have ingested parasite eggs, which are often in feces, soil, water, or other contaminated substances. The following intestinal parasites commonly infect dogs and cats: 

  • Roundworms (ascarids) — Roundworms are the most frequently diagnosed intestinal parasites in pets, particularly puppies and kittens. Pets can contract roundworms by ingesting infected soil, feces, or prey. Mother animals can also pass roundworms to their offspring through the placenta or milk. Roundworm infection signs include a pot-bellied appearance, vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss.
  • Hookworms — Hookworms are small, thin worms that attach to the intestinal wall and feed on the host animal’s blood. Pets contract hookworms by ingesting larvae from contaminated environments or through the skin. Signs include anemia, weight loss, bloody diarrhea, and weakness.
  • Tapeworms — Tapeworms are flat, segmented worms that reside in the intestines. Cats and dogs typically contract tapeworms by ingesting fleas carrying tapeworm larvae or eating infected rodents. Scooting behavior or dragging the hind end, worm segments in feces or around the anus, and weight loss are all indicative of tapeworms.
  • Whipworms — These small worms inhabit the cecum, which is the large intestine’s beginning, and the entire large intestine. Pets become infected with whipworms by ingesting their eggs from contaminated environments. Whipworm signs include chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and general debilitation.
  • Coccidia and Giardia — These protozoan parasites infect the intestines, leading to gastrointestinal (GI) distress. Pets often contract these parasites by ingesting contaminated water from natural sources such as ponds, puddles, or food. Watery diarrhea, dehydration, and abdominal discomfort are coccidia and Giardia signs. 

Diagnosing intestinal parasites in pets

Diagnosing intestinal parasites involves a fecal examination conducted by our Stanton Pet Hospital veterinarian. Our team collects a fresh stool sample and examines it under a microscope to look for parasite eggs or larvae. In some cases, additional diagnostic tests, such as blood tests or imaging, may be required to detect specific types of parasites or assess the infection’s extent. Our team prescribes deworming or antiprotozoal medications and other supportive care when needed to eliminate a pet’s intestinal parasites. 

Preventing intestinal parasites in pets

Preventing intestinal parasites involves a combination of good hygiene practices, regular veterinary care, and appropriate use of preventive medications. Our team recommends the following:

  • Regular deworming — Routine deworming is essential, especially for puppies and kittens. Our veterinarian recommends that adult pets be dewormed based on their lifestyle and risk factors.
  • Flea control — Effective measures can prevent tapeworm infestations, as fleas are common tapeworm larvae carriers.
  • Sanitation — Maintaining a clean living environment, regularly cleaning pet bedding, and promptly disposing of feces can reduce the parasitic transmission risk.
  • Safe drinking water — Ensuring pets have access to clean, fresh water can help prevent infections from waterborne parasites such as Giardia.
  • Wellness exams — Routine veterinary visits allow for early detection and treatment of parasitic infections.

Zoonotic parasitic infection risks between pets and people

Some intestinal parasites in pets pose a risk to humans, particularly children and immunocompromised individuals. Roundworms and hookworms can cause significant health problems in people if accidentally ingested or if larvae penetrate the skin. Practicing good hygiene, such as washing your hands after handling pets or cleaning up after them, is essential to minimize these risks.

Intestinal parasites are a significant health issue for pets, but with proper prevention, regular veterinary care, and prompt treatment, you can effectively manage your furry pal’s risk. By remaining vigilant for parasitic infection signs and working closely with our Stanton Pet Hospital team, you help your furry pal stay healthy and safe. To confirm that your pet is free and clear of intestinal parasites, schedule an appointment with our team.